Gravure printing is a printing technique in which the parts we print are lower than the non-printed parts. We make recesses in a printing plate, then cover the plate with ink. We then remove the excess ink from the plate, leaving only the recesses with ink. After this, we apply damp paper to the board and press it together, often using heavy rollers or two cylinders. After removing the paper, the ink is drawn into the paper by the compression.

In addition, there is a variation of this technique called blind embossing. In blind embossing, we do not use ink; instead, the image is printed in relief.

Different types of gravure printing

Gravure printing has several types, the difference being in the way the sunken parts are made. These methods are divided into dry techniques and wet techniques.

Dry techniques include:

  • Dry needle
  • Mezzotint
  • Copper engraving or burin engraving

Wet techniques include:

  • Lijnets
  • Aquatint
  • Sugar quatint
  • Vernis-mou

Dry techniques

In dry techniques, we carve directly into the material, creating grooves. These techniques are suitable for metals, wood and plastic. We usually use zinc or copper as our material. The tools we use for carving vary by technique. Dry needling uses a hard steel etching needle, mezzotint uses a cradle iron, scraper and polishing steel, and engraving uses a burin or engraving pen.

Wet techniques

In wet techniques, the material to be printed is etched away through a chemical reaction. In etching, a layer of acid-resistant etching ground, such as resin, is applied to a metal plate. After drying, we cover the plate with ink and then in a container of etching acid to achieve the desired effect. The acid causes the metal to disappear from the drawn lines, creating grooves. We then fill these grooves with ink. Aquatint, sugar aquatint and varnish-mou work in a similar way to etching.

There is also a new method of gravure printing called photopolymer. Here we apply a light-sensitive gel in the form of a film to a zinc plate. By exposure with light, this gel hardens. The parts on which no light falls remain soft. We then wash this soft gel from the plate, creating height differences. Using this method, photographs, among other things, can be transferred to zinc.

Gravure printing is generally a costly technique. This is because the covering of the cylinder on which the image and/or text is engraved must be reapplied after printing a particular work. Therefore, this technique is less suitable for small print runs, but rather interesting for large print runs. A print run of, say, 1,000,000 is no problem. In addition, gravure printing offers more possibilities in terms of colors compared to digital printing, for example.

Discover the endless possibilities of gravure printing on a variety of materials. Get in touch, ask an offer to or visit our showroom for more information!"

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